What does the transformation -f(x) indicate about the graph of a function?

The transformation represented by -f(x) indicates a reflection of the graph of the function over the x-axis. This is because multiplying the function's output by -1 inverts the values of the function. For positive values of f(x), -f(x) will produce negative values, and vice versa. Thus, for every point (x, f(x)) on the original graph, there is a corresponding point (x, -f(x)) on the transformed graph.

This reflection alters the vertical positioning of points but does not affect their horizontal positioning, making it evident how this transformation operates on the graph overall. The other transformations, such as shifting the graph or reflecting it over the y-axis, involve different manipulations of the function that do not apply in this case.